Should You Use Vaginal Probiotics?

What are Vaginal Probiotics?

In recent years, vaginal probiotics have gained popularity as a potential solution for women experiencing recurrent infections, discomfort, or changes due to menopause. Marketed as a natural way to restore balance to the vaginal microbiome, these supplements—available in oral or vaginal forms—claim to help maintain healthy bacteria and prevent issues like bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infections. But do they actually work? The answer isn’t so straightforward.

How Vaginal Probiotics Work?

The vaginal microbiome is primarily made up of Lactobacillus bacteria, which help keep the environment slightly acidic (pH 3.5–4.5) to prevent the overgrowth of harmful microorganisms. Disruptions in this balance—due to antibiotics, hormonal changes, or lifestyle factors—can lead to infections, discomfort, and an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Probiotics, particularly strains like Lactobacillus crispatus and L. rhamnosus, are believed to replenish beneficial bacteria and help maintain this balance. But scientific research on their effectiveness is mixed.

Are they effective?

Some studies suggest that vaginal probiotics may help restore healthy bacteria, maintain an optimal pH, and reduce the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections, especially when used alongside conventional treatments. Some early research also indicates potential benefits for postmenopausal women experiencing vaginal atrophy and dryness. However, not all findings are conclusive, and some women see little to no improvement. The effectiveness of probiotics depends on the strain, formulation, and overall vaginal health of the individual. A major drawback is the lack of regulation, meaning quality and potency vary widely between brands. Furthermore, the benefits may only be temporary unless underlying causes of imbalance—such as diet, hormonal changes, or hygiene habits—are addressed.

Testing Your Vaginal pH: A Simple Health Check

For those women interested in the health of their vaginal microbiome, vaginal pH testing can be a quick and easy way to assess microbiome health. A healthy vaginal pH typically falls between 3.5 and 4.5 and can indicate a healthy level of Lactobacillus. Levels above this may indicate bacterial vaginosis or other imbalances. Over-the-counter pH test strips are readily available from most pharmacies and can allow determine whether medical treatment is needed.

How Menopause Affects Vaginal Flora

Menopause significantly impacts the vaginal microbiome. As oestrogen levels decline:

• Glycogen levels drop, leading to reduced Lactobacillus populations.

• The vaginal pH becomes more alkaline, increasing the risk of infections.

• Many women experience vaginal dryness, irritation, and discomfort.

For postmenopausal women, vaginal oestrogen therapy can help restore the vaginal lining and support bacterial balance. Vaginal probiotics combined with oestrogen may improve the symptoms of vaginal atrophy.

Alternatives to Probiotics for Vaginal Health

While probiotics may help, they are not the only solution. Other strategies include:

• Eating probiotic-rich foods (yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut)

• Avoiding douching and fragranced/harsh soaps, which disrupt pH balance

• Maintaining stable blood sugar levels to prevent yeast overgrowth

• Wear underwear made of natural fabrics

• Use Menstrual cup instead of sanitary products so blood doesn’t sit in the canal

• Stop smoking nicotine has a profound effect on Lactobacillus

• Get plenty of good quality sleep poor sleep disrupts hormone balance

• Avoid unprotected sex exposure to another person’s bacteria plus semen has a higher pH

The Verdict: Should You Use Vaginal Probiotics?

The research is promising but not definitive. Most probiotics available usually contain Lactobacillus species that don’t normally reside in the vagina and probably wouldn’t thrive there. It is possible that some vaginal probiotics may benefit some women, however they are not a guaranteed solution, and quality varies widely between products. Essentially there is just not enough research or regulation to say one way or another!

For the best results, women should consider a holistic approach - including a healthy diet, proper hygiene, and, in some cases, hormone therapy. Always remember, if something doesn’t feel right down there, do speak to a doctor to get check out.

If you are struggling, please do come in for an assessment with your local Farnham based Women’s Health osteopath, specialising in getting you back to doing what you love. Get in touch by calling 01252 850814, emailing enquiries@outlinehealth.com or book online.

References

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